{"dataset":"Equipment Valve Interface Dataset","id":"equipment-valve-interfaces","description":"Which valves sit where on each piece of process equipment - interface positions, valve configurations, purposes, isolation strategy and governing standards across pumps, compressors, boilers, exchangers, tanks and packages.","publisher":"Vajra Industrial Solutions","publisherUrl":"https://www.vajravyuh.com","sourcePage":"https://www.vajravyuh.com/equipment","downloadUrl":"https://www.vajravyuh.com/data/equipment-valve-interfaces.json","license":"Free to use with attribution to Vajra Industrial Solutions (vajravyuh.com)","citation":"Vajra Valve Data Commons - Equipment Valve Interface Dataset, Vajra Industrial Solutions, vajravyuh.com/data","disclaimer":"Engineering reference data for valve service; indicative only. Ratings and limits depend on concentration, temperature and service conditions. Verify against the governing standard and a qualified engineer before procurement.","recordDescription":"One record per equipment class with its valve interfaces.","fields":["slug","name","category","industries","valveInterfaces{position, categorySlug, valveType, purpose, notes}","isolationStrategy","standards"],"recordCount":12,"records":[{"slug":"centrifugal-pump","name":"Centrifugal Pump","category":"rotating","industries":["Oil & Gas","Chemical","Power","Water Treatment","Pharmaceutical"],"valveInterfaces":[{"position":"Suction isolation","categorySlug":"gate-valves","valveType":"Gate valve (full bore) or ball valve","purpose":"Positive isolation for pump removal; full bore keeps suction losses minimal to protect NPSH.","notes":"Never used for throttling - a throttled suction invites cavitation."},{"position":"Suction strainer","categorySlug":"strainers","valveType":"Y-type or temporary cone strainer","purpose":"Protects the impeller from construction debris and process solids.","notes":"Cone strainers at commissioning; monitor differential pressure before removal."},{"position":"Discharge isolation","categorySlug":"gate-valves","valveType":"Gate or ball valve","purpose":"Isolation for maintenance; used with the check valve for safe start-up against a closed or cracked line."},{"position":"Discharge non-return","categorySlug":"check-valves","valveType":"Dual-plate or swing check valve","purpose":"Prevents reverse flow and reverse rotation on pump trip; protects against water hammer in parallel-pump sets.","notes":"Dual-plate for compactness; non-slam designs where trips are frequent."},{"position":"Minimum-flow / recirculation","categorySlug":"globe-valves","valveType":"Globe valve or automatic recirculation valve","purpose":"Maintains minimum flow at low demand so the pump does not overheat at shutoff."},{"position":"Casing drain / vent","categorySlug":"ball-valves","valveType":"Small-bore ball or needle valve","purpose":"Safe draining and priming/venting before maintenance and start-up."}],"isolationStrategy":["Single-valve isolation (suction + discharge) suffices for non-hazardous liquids; hazardous services add drains between valve and pump for proved isolation","The discharge check valve is NOT an isolation device - never rely on it for maintenance isolation","Lock-out points: suction isolation, discharge isolation, drain open"],"standards":["API 610","ASME B73.1","API 6D","API 594","API 598"]},{"slug":"positive-displacement-pump","name":"Positive Displacement Pump","category":"rotating","industries":["Chemical","Oil & Gas","Pharmaceutical","Food & Beverage"],"valveInterfaces":[{"position":"Discharge relief (mandatory)","categorySlug":"safety-valves","valveType":"Spring-loaded relief valve","purpose":"A PD pump dead-headed against a closed valve will overpressure the line - the relief valve is the primary protection.","notes":"Sized for full pump capacity; internal relief on the pump does not replace external protection in most specifications."},{"position":"Suction isolation","categorySlug":"ball-valves","valveType":"Full-bore ball valve","purpose":"Positive isolation with minimum suction restriction for viscous fluids."},{"position":"Discharge isolation","categorySlug":"ball-valves","valveType":"Ball or plug valve","purpose":"Maintenance isolation downstream of the relief take-off - never between pump and relief valve."},{"position":"Pulsation-side check","categorySlug":"check-valves","valveType":"Lift or ball check valve","purpose":"Holds prime and prevents back-leakage through the pump at rest on dosing duties."},{"position":"Calibration / drain","categorySlug":"needle-valves","valveType":"Needle valve","purpose":"Fine control for calibration draw-off on metering skids."}],"isolationStrategy":["The relief valve must never be isolatable from the pump discharge - locked-open valves only if a maintenance spade point is required by the spec","Suction and discharge isolation plus drain gives the maintenance envelope"],"standards":["API 674","API 675","API 526","API 527","ASME B16.34"]},{"slug":"centrifugal-compressor","name":"Centrifugal Compressor","category":"rotating","industries":["Oil & Gas","LNG","Petrochemical","Fertilizer"],"valveInterfaces":[{"position":"Suction isolation","categorySlug":"ball-valves","valveType":"Trunnion ball or through-conduit gate valve","purpose":"Train isolation; full bore for low losses and pigging access on pipeline duty."},{"position":"Discharge isolation","categorySlug":"ball-valves","valveType":"Trunnion ball valve","purpose":"Train isolation against settle-out pressure.","notes":"Must seal at full differential; soft seats need fire-safe certification in hydrocarbon service."},{"position":"Discharge non-return","categorySlug":"check-valves","valveType":"Axial (nozzle) check valve","purpose":"Prevents reverse flow and reverse rotation on trip - the classic application of the non-slam nozzle check.","notes":"Swing checks slam on compressor trips; nozzle type is standard practice here."},{"position":"Anti-surge recycle","categorySlug":"control-valves","valveType":"Anti-surge control valve","purpose":"Fast-opening recycle path that keeps the machine out of surge on trip and turndown.","notes":"Stroke speed and noise trim dominate the specification."},{"position":"Blowdown / depressurisation","categorySlug":"ball-valves","valveType":"Actuated ball valve (ESD/blowdown)","purpose":"Controlled depressurisation of the settle-out volume to flare on shutdown."},{"position":"Seal-gas and instrument isolation","categorySlug":"needle-valves","valveType":"Needle valves and manifolds","purpose":"Dry-gas-seal panels and transmitter isolation."}],"isolationStrategy":["Double block and bleed on suction/discharge for entry into the settle-out volume","Blowdown path proved before any train isolation is considered complete"],"standards":["API 617","API 6D","API 607","ISO 15848","API 598"]},{"slug":"reciprocating-compressor","name":"Reciprocating Compressor","category":"rotating","industries":["Oil & Gas","Fertilizer","Hydrogen","CNG"],"valveInterfaces":[{"position":"Stage relief (each stage)","categorySlug":"safety-valves","valveType":"Spring-loaded safety valve","purpose":"Every positive-displacement stage can overpressure its cooler and piping on a blocked outlet - relief per stage is standard.","notes":"Pulsation demands attention to chatter margin between set and operating pressure."},{"position":"Suction/discharge isolation","categorySlug":"ball-valves","valveType":"Ball or gate valve","purpose":"Train and stage isolation for valve-deck maintenance."},{"position":"Interstage non-return","categorySlug":"check-valves","valveType":"Piston or dual-plate check","purpose":"Holds interstage pressure during staged shutdowns; tolerant of pulsating flow."},{"position":"Bypass / load control","categorySlug":"globe-valves","valveType":"Globe valve","purpose":"Start-up unloading and capacity control on smaller frames."},{"position":"Drains (interstage knockouts)","categorySlug":"ball-valves","valveType":"Small-bore ball valves","purpose":"Condensate draining from interstage separators - often automated on wet gas."}],"isolationStrategy":["Stage-wise isolation with vents between blocks - trapped interstage pressure is the classic recip hazard","Relief valves never isolatable while the stage can be pressurised"],"standards":["API 618","API 526","ASME B16.34","API 598"]},{"slug":"shell-and-tube-heat-exchanger","name":"Shell & Tube Heat Exchanger","category":"static","industries":["Refining","Chemical","Power","HVAC"],"valveInterfaces":[{"position":"Shell-side inlet/outlet isolation","categorySlug":"gate-valves","valveType":"Gate or butterfly valve","purpose":"Isolation for cleaning and bundle pulling; butterfly acceptable on cooling water, gate/ball on process."},{"position":"Tube-side inlet/outlet isolation","categorySlug":"gate-valves","valveType":"Gate or ball valve","purpose":"Second envelope isolation - both sides must isolate independently."},{"position":"Thermal relief (liquid-full side)","categorySlug":"safety-valves","valveType":"Small thermal relief valve","purpose":"A liquid-full exchanger blocked in between closed valves will overpressure from thermal expansion - the thermal relief protects it.","notes":"The most commonly missed valve on cooling-water sides of process exchangers."},{"position":"Vents and drains","categorySlug":"ball-valves","valveType":"Small-bore ball or plug valves","purpose":"Venting on fill, draining for maintenance, and low-point drainage for hydrotest."},{"position":"Bypass (temperature control)","categorySlug":"butterfly-valves","valveType":"Butterfly or globe valve","purpose":"Cold-side bypass for outlet temperature trim where no control valve exists."}],"isolationStrategy":["Isolate both sides plus open vents/drains before head removal - trapped pressure between passes is the classic incident","Thermal relief must remain in service whenever the side can be blocked in liquid-full"],"standards":["TEMA","ASME Section VIII","API 521","ASME B16.34"]},{"slug":"steam-boiler","name":"Steam Boiler","category":"fired","industries":["Power","Sugar","Textile","Paper","Chemical"],"valveInterfaces":[{"position":"Drum safety valves (statutory)","categorySlug":"safety-valves","valveType":"Direct spring-loaded safety valves per code","purpose":"Overpressure protection sized for full boiler duty - count, capacity and settings fixed by ASME Section I / IBR.","notes":"In India, IBR Form III-C certification is mandatory for boiler-connected valves."},{"position":"Main steam stop","categorySlug":"gate-valves","valveType":"Parallel-slide or wedge gate valve","purpose":"Isolation of the boiler from the steam header; motorised on larger units.","notes":"Pressure-seal bonnets above Class 600; parallel-slide preferred for thermal cycling."},{"position":"Feedwater regulation + non-return","categorySlug":"check-valves","valveType":"Feed check valve with integral stop","purpose":"Prevents drum backflow into the feed line; statutory stop-and-check arrangement on the feed inlet."},{"position":"Continuous + intermittent blowdown","categorySlug":"globe-valves","valveType":"Blowdown valves (globe/angle, hardened trim)","purpose":"TDS control and sludge removal - flashing service that destroys standard trim.","notes":"Hard-faced trim and angle patterns; this is severe service, not a utility drain."},{"position":"Gauge glass and instrument isolation","categorySlug":"needle-valves","valveType":"Gauge-glass sets and needle valves","purpose":"Statutory water-level indication isolation and blowdown."},{"position":"Start-up vent","categorySlug":"globe-valves","valveType":"Globe valve (noise-treated on large units)","purpose":"Boiler venting during pressure raising."}],"isolationStrategy":["Statutory valves (safety, feed check, main stop, gauge isolation) follow code requirements - not project preference","Blowdown lines are isolated-by-two in most codes before vessel entry"],"standards":["ASME Section I","IBR 1950 (India)","API 526","BS 1873","ASME B16.34"]},{"slug":"storage-tank","name":"Atmospheric Storage Tank","category":"static","industries":["Oil & Gas","Chemical","Terminals","Water"],"valveInterfaces":[{"position":"Inlet/outlet nozzle isolation","categorySlug":"gate-valves","valveType":"Gate or resilient-seated butterfly valve","purpose":"First isolation at the shell nozzle; the valve every downstream job depends on.","notes":"On flammable service, fire-safe design and often a fusible-link or remotely-operated shutoff."},{"position":"Breather / PV relief","categorySlug":"safety-valves","valveType":"Pressure/vacuum relief valve","purpose":"Protects the thin shell against over-pressure on filling and vacuum collapse on emptying - sized to API 2000.","notes":"A blocked PV vent has collapsed more tanks than any other single cause."},{"position":"Water draw-off","categorySlug":"ball-valves","valveType":"Ball or plug valve","purpose":"Periodic draining of settled water from the tank bottom."},{"position":"Recirculation / mixing","categorySlug":"butterfly-valves","valveType":"Butterfly valve","purpose":"Isolation on mixing and recirculation nozzles."},{"position":"Sampling","categorySlug":"ball-valves","valveType":"Small-bore ball valve","purpose":"Representative product sampling points at multiple levels."}],"isolationStrategy":["Nozzle valve plus line blind for tank entry - a single closed valve is never entry-grade isolation","PV vents must never be isolated while the tank is in service; maintenance requires gas-freeing or nitrogen procedures"],"standards":["API 650","API 2000","API 607","EN 593"]},{"slug":"separator-pressure-vessel","name":"Separator / Pressure Vessel","category":"static","industries":["Oil & Gas","Petrochemical","Gas Processing"],"valveInterfaces":[{"position":"Relief (statutory)","categorySlug":"safety-valves","valveType":"Spring or pilot-operated PSV","purpose":"Code overpressure protection per ASME Section VIII, sized per API 520/521 scenarios."},{"position":"Inlet / outlet isolation","categorySlug":"ball-valves","valveType":"Trunnion ball valves","purpose":"Vessel isolation; full DBB where entry is planned."},{"position":"Liquid level control","categorySlug":"control-valves","valveType":"Globe control valve","purpose":"Continuous liquid draw-off under level control - flashing across the valve is the norm, trim selection is severe-service."},{"position":"Interface / water dump","categorySlug":"control-valves","valveType":"Control valve or actuated ball","purpose":"Produced-water draw-off on three-phase separators - sand erosion drives trim choice."},{"position":"Blowdown to flare","categorySlug":"ball-valves","valveType":"Actuated ball valve (BDV)","purpose":"Emergency depressurisation per API 521 - fire-case sizing."},{"position":"Drains / vents / instrument bridles","categorySlug":"needle-valves","valveType":"Ball and needle valves","purpose":"Level-bridle isolation, sampling, and maintenance drains."}],"isolationStrategy":["Positive isolation (DBB or spades) before vessel entry - process vessels are permit-to-work isolation, never single-valve","PSV isolation only under a documented management-of-change with interlocked spare paths"],"standards":["ASME Section VIII","API 520","API 521","API 6D","API 607"]},{"slug":"distillation-column","name":"Distillation Column","category":"static","industries":["Refining","Petrochemical","Chemical"],"valveInterfaces":[{"position":"Overhead relief","categorySlug":"safety-valves","valveType":"PSV (often pilot-operated on large columns)","purpose":"Column overpressure protection - the governing relief case is usually loss of overhead cooling."},{"position":"Feed / side-draw / bottoms isolation","categorySlug":"gate-valves","valveType":"Gate valves","purpose":"Nozzle-by-nozzle isolation for turnaround entry - the count runs to dozens on a large column."},{"position":"Reflux and product control","categorySlug":"control-valves","valveType":"Globe control valves","purpose":"Reflux, side-draw and bottoms flow control - the column's operating handles."},{"position":"Reboiler circuit isolation","categorySlug":"gate-valves","valveType":"Gate or ball valves","purpose":"Thermosiphon or forced-circulation reboiler isolation for bundle work."},{"position":"Column drains and pump-outs","categorySlug":"ball-valves","valveType":"Ball valves","purpose":"Inventory removal to slop/flare during shutdown sequences."}],"isolationStrategy":["Turnaround isolation is spade-listed nozzle by nozzle - valves position the spades, they are not the final isolation","Relief path integrity maintained until the column is proven depressured and gas-free"],"standards":["ASME Section VIII","API 520","API 521","API 600","API 598"]},{"slug":"pig-launcher-receiver","name":"Pig Launcher / Receiver","category":"package","industries":["Oil & Gas Pipelines","Gas Transmission"],"valveInterfaces":[{"position":"Mainline isolation","categorySlug":"ball-valves","valveType":"Full-bore trunnion ball or through-conduit gate","purpose":"Piggable full-bore isolation between trap and pipeline - API 6D territory by definition."},{"position":"Kicker / bypass","categorySlug":"ball-valves","valveType":"Ball valve","purpose":"Diverts flow to launch the pig; sized against the mainline differential."},{"position":"Trap drain and vent","categorySlug":"ball-valves","valveType":"Small-bore ball valves","purpose":"Depressurise, drain and gas-test the barrel before the closure is opened - the life-safety step.","notes":"Frequently interlocked with the closure; vent sizing matters for timely depressurisation."},{"position":"Pressure equalisation","categorySlug":"ball-valves","valveType":"Small-bore ball valve","purpose":"Equalises across the mainline valve before opening it against differential."},{"position":"Purge (nitrogen)","categorySlug":"ball-valves","valveType":"Ball valve with check","purpose":"Inerting the barrel on sour or rich-gas systems before opening."}],"isolationStrategy":["The launch/receive sequence is a strict valve order - interlocks or rigorous procedure, never memory","Closure never opened until vent is proven open, pressure proven zero, and drains confirmed clear"],"standards":["API 6D","ASME B31.4","ASME B31.8","API 607"]},{"slug":"metering-skid","name":"Custody Metering Skid","category":"package","industries":["Oil & Gas","Terminals","Gas Distribution"],"valveInterfaces":[{"position":"Meter-run isolation","categorySlug":"ball-valves","valveType":"DBB trunnion ball valves","purpose":"Run switching with proved zero leakage - a passing valve here is an accounting error, not just a maintenance item.","notes":"Double-block-and-bleed with body bleed monitored; seat class is the specification battleground."},{"position":"Flow control / back-pressure","categorySlug":"control-valves","valveType":"Globe control valve","purpose":"Holds each run inside its calibrated flow band and keeps the meter above vapour pressure on liquids."},{"position":"Prover loop isolation","categorySlug":"ball-valves","valveType":"DBB ball valves / four-way diverter","purpose":"Routes flow through the prover with verified isolation - the heart of meter proving."},{"position":"Strainers (upstream of meters)","categorySlug":"strainers","valveType":"Basket strainer","purpose":"Protects turbine/PD meters from debris; condition monitoring by differential pressure."},{"position":"Sampling and pressure points","categorySlug":"needle-valves","valveType":"Needle valves and manifolds","purpose":"Automatic samplers and pressure/temperature instrument isolation."}],"isolationStrategy":["Every custody boundary valve is DBB with a monitored bleed - proof of isolation is contractual, not just procedural","Run change sequences avoid dead-heading the control valve and flow surges through the meters"],"standards":["API 6D","API MPMS","ISO 5208","API 598"]},{"slug":"cooling-water-system","name":"Cooling Water System","category":"package","industries":["Power","Refining","Chemical","Steel","HVAC"],"valveInterfaces":[{"position":"Header and branch isolation","categorySlug":"butterfly-valves","valveType":"Concentric (resilient-seated) butterfly valves","purpose":"Economical large-bore isolation across supply and return headers - AWWA/EN territory.","notes":"Double-offset where higher pressure or throttling duty appears."},{"position":"Pump discharge non-return","categorySlug":"check-valves","valveType":"Dual-plate or tilting-disc check","purpose":"Reverse-flow protection on CW pump trip; slam control matters on long headers."},{"position":"Exchanger inlet balancing","categorySlug":"butterfly-valves","valveType":"Butterfly valve (memory-stopped)","purpose":"Flow balancing across parallel exchangers - set once, locked, and documented."},{"position":"Basin / blowdown control","categorySlug":"globe-valves","valveType":"Globe or angle valve","purpose":"Cycles-of-concentration control via continuous blowdown."},{"position":"Air release / vacuum breakers","categorySlug":"safety-valves","valveType":"Air valves at high points","purpose":"Releases air on filling and admits air on draining - protects the big thin-wall lines from vacuum collapse."},{"position":"Strainers (pump suction / critical users)","categorySlug":"strainers","valveType":"Basket or self-cleaning strainers","purpose":"Debris and shell protection for pumps and critical exchangers."}],"isolationStrategy":["Large-bore isolation is planned around drain-down time - the valve is quick, the water is not","Exercise program for rarely-moved butterflies is the single best reliability spend in CW systems"],"standards":["AWWA C504","EN 593","API 594","NSF/ANSI 61"]}]}