Iraq holds the world's fifth-largest proven oil reserves (145 billion barrels) and is OPEC's second-largest producer (4.5 Mbopd). Southern Iraq's super-giant fields — Rumaila (BP/PetroChina, 1.35 Mbopd), West Qurna 2 (LUKOIL, 800,000 bopd), Majnoon (Basra Oil Company), and Zubair (ENI) — all require large volumes of sour-service, high-temperature valves for field development, production enhancement, and downstream processing.
Sour Service — Iraq Crude Characteristics
Basra crude contains H₂S (typically 50–2,000 ppm in associated gas), requiring NACE MR0175 / ISO 15156 compliance for all valve body, trim, and fastener materials. High water cuts at mature fields mean valves are also exposed to produced water (high salinity, CO₂, microbiological activity). NACE MR0175 hardness limits (HRC ≤ 22 for carbon steel body, ≤ 22 for SS316 trim) apply throughout.
Basra Gas Company and Gas Infrastructure
Basra Gas Company (Shell/Mitsubishi/South Gas Company JV) processes associated gas from Rumaila, West Qurna 1, and Zubair into LPG, LNG, and domestic gas. This adds demand for cryogenic valves (LPG at −45°C, LNG at −162°C), fire-safe ball valves for LPG storage, and safety relief valves per API 526.
- Rumaila/WQ2 wellheads: API 6D trunnion ball valves (Class 600–900, NACE MR0175, DBB)
- Gas injection: API 6D Class 1500–2500 ball valves, compressor suction/discharge
- Export crude pipeline: API 6D full-bore slab gate valves, electric actuated MLVs
- Basra Gas: LPG — A352 LF2 cryogenic ball valves; LNG — BS 6364 extended bonnet
- Sea freight: Nhava Sheva → Umm Qasr port — 7–10 days (very short route)
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