Engineering Reference
Valve Body Materials
ASTM material specifications for industrial valve bodies, trim, and components. Temperature ratings, equivalent grades, service compatibility, and valve type recommendations.
Carbon Steel
ASTM A216 WCB
Carbon Steel WCB
ASTM A216 Grade WCB is the most widely used material for cast valve bodies in general industrial service.
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ASTM A105
Forged Carbon Steel A105
ASTM A105 is the standard specification for forged carbon steel piping components including valve bodies, flanges, fittings, and bonnets.
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ASTM A352 Grade LCC
Low Temperature Carbon Steel LCC
ASTM A352 Grade LCC is the standard cast carbon-manganese steel for valve bodies in low-temperature service down to -46°C (-51°F).
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ASTM A350 Grade LF2
Low Temperature Forged Carbon Steel LF2
ASTM A350 Grade LF2 is the standard forged carbon-manganese steel for flanges, fittings, and valve components in low-temperature service down to -46°C (-51°F).
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ASTM A216 WCC
Carbon Steel WCC
ASTM A216 Grade WCC is a higher-strength carbon steel casting grade in the same specification family as WCB.
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ASTM A352 LCB
Low Temperature Carbon Steel LCB
ASTM A352 Grade LCB is a low-temperature cast carbon steel specified for valve bodies and pressure-retaining castings designed for service at −46°C (−50°F).
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Stainless Steel
ASTM A351 CF8M
SS 316 Cast (CF8M)
ASTM A351 CF8M is the cast austenitic stainless steel grade equivalent to wrought SS 316.
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ASTM A182 F316
Forged SS 316 (F316)
ASTM A182 F316 is the forged austenitic stainless steel specification for small-bore valve bodies, flanges, and fittings in SS 316 composition.
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ASTM A351 CF3M
SS 316L Cast (CF3M)
ASTM A351 CF3M is the low-carbon cast equivalent of SS 316L.
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ASTM A182 Grade F316L / UNS S31603
Stainless Steel 316L (Low Carbon Forged)
ASTM A182 Grade F316L is the low-carbon variant of Type 316 austenitic stainless steel, with a maximum carbon content of 0.
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ASTM A351 CN7M
Alloy 20 Cast (CN7M)
ASTM A351 CN7M is the cast equivalent of Alloy 20 (UNS N08020), a niobium-stabilised austenitic alloy engineered specifically for sulphuric acid service.
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ASTM A182 F304L
F304L Low Carbon SS (Forged)
ASTM A182 F304L is the low-carbon (≤ 0.
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ASTM A351 HH
25Cr-12Ni Heat-Resistant Casting (Grade HH)
ASTM A351 Grade HH is a high-chromium, high-nickel heat-resistant cast alloy used for valve bodies and components in very high-temperature service - furnace applications, petrochemical cracking, and catalytic reformer internals.
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ASTM A182 F304
304 Stainless Steel (Forged F304)
ASTM A182 Grade F304 is the standard austenitic 18-8 stainless steel in forged form, used widely for valve trim, stems, flanges, and small valve bodies.
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ASTM A351 CF8
Cast 304 Stainless Steel (CF8)
ASTM A351 Grade CF8 is the cast austenitic 18-8 stainless steel (304 equivalent) used for valve bodies in general-purpose, food-grade, and mild chemical service.
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ASTM A182 F347
Stabilised 347 Stainless Steel (Forged F347)
ASTM A182 Grade F347 is a niobium (columbium)-stabilised austenitic stainless steel in forged form.
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Alloy & Chrome-Moly Steel
ASTM A217 WC9
Chrome-Moly WC9 (2.25Cr-1Mo)
ASTM A217 WC9 is a cast chrome-moly alloy (2.
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ASTM A182 F91
P91 Chrome-Moly (9Cr-1Mo-V)
ASTM A182 F91 is the forged 9Cr-1Mo-V alloy specification for ultra-high-temperature steam service.
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ASTM A217 Grade WC6
1¼Cr½Mo Alloy Steel WC6
ASTM A217 Grade WC6 is a 1.
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ASTM A182 F22 (2¼Cr-1Mo)
F22 Chrome-Moly Alloy Steel
ASTM A182 F22 is a 2.
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ASTM A217 WC11 (1¼Cr-½Mo)
WC11 Chrome-Moly Alloy Steel
ASTM A217 WC11 is a 1.
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ASTM A182 F5
5Cr-0.5Mo Alloy Steel (Grade F5)
ASTM A182 Grade F5 is a 5% chromium, 0.
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ASTM A217 C12A
Grade 91 Cast Steel (C12A)
Grade 91 (9Cr-1Mo-V) cast alloy steel - the primary body material for ultra-high-temperature steam service in modern power plants, providing superior creep strength at 500-600°C compared to conventional chrome-moly grades.
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ASTM A182 F11
1.25Cr-0.5Mo Alloy Steel (F11)
1.
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Duplex Stainless Steel
ASTM A995 CD4MCu / A890 4A
Duplex SS Cast (CD4MCu)
ASTM A995 CD4MCu (also referred to as A890 Grade 4A) is the cast duplex stainless steel specification equivalent to UNS S31803 / S32205 (Duplex 2205).
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ASTM A182 F51
Forged Duplex 2205 (F51)
ASTM A182 F51 is the forged duplex stainless steel specification for UNS S31803/S32205 (Duplex 2205) composition.
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ASTM A182 F53 / UNS S32750 (Super Duplex 2507)
Super Duplex 2507
Super Duplex 2507 (UNS S32750, ASTM A182 F53) is a high-alloy duplex stainless steel with exceptional resistance to pitting, crevice, and stress corrosion cracking in severely chloride-rich environments.
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ASTM A182 F60
Duplex 2205 Forged (Grade F60)
ASTM A182 Grade F60 is the forged form of Duplex 2205 stainless steel (UNS S31803/S32205) - a dual-phase austenitic-ferritic stainless steel with approximately 22% Cr, 5% Ni, and 3% Mo.
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ASTM A890 Grade 5A
Super Duplex 2507 (Grade 5A Cast)
ASTM A890 Grade 5A is the cast form of Super Duplex 2507 stainless steel (UNS S32750) - a super duplex grade with 25% Cr, 7% Ni, 4% Mo, and 0.
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ASTM A182 F53
Super Duplex 2507 (F53)
Super Duplex 2507 forged stainless steel - the highest-grade duplex material, providing exceptional corrosion resistance in highly aggressive seawater and chloride environments with PREN above 40.
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Nickel Alloys (Hastelloy, Inconel)
ASTM A494 CW6MC / CW12MW
Hastelloy C-276 / Inconel 625 Cast
ASTM A494 CW6MC and CW12MW are cast nickel alloy grades corresponding to Alloy 625 (CW6MC) and Hastelloy C (CW12MW) compositions respectively.
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ASTM B443 / UNS N06625 (Inconel 625)
Inconel 625 / Alloy 625
Inconel 625 (UNS N06625) is a nickel-chromium-molybdenum alloy with outstanding corrosion resistance across a wide range of aggressive environments - seawater, oxidising and reducing acids, chloride solutions, and high-temperature oxidising gases.
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ASTM B164 / UNS N04400 (Monel 400)
Monel 400
Monel 400 (UNS N04400) is a nickel-copper alloy with exceptional resistance to hydrofluoric acid (HF), fluorine, seawater, and reducing environments.
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ASTM A351 CN7M / ASTM A182 (Alloy 20 / Carpenter 20)
Alloy 20 (Carpenter 20Cb-3)
Alloy 20 (also called Carpenter 20Cb-3, UNS N08020) is a nickel-iron-chromium alloy with additions of copper, columbium (niobium), and molybdenum developed specifically for maximum resistance to hot concentrated sulphuric acid (H₂SO₄).
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ASTM B425 / UNS N08825 (Incoloy 825)
Incoloy 825
Incoloy 825 (UNS N08825) is a nickel-iron-chromium alloy with additions of molybdenum, copper, and titanium that provides excellent resistance to both oxidising and reducing acids, pitting, crevice, and intergranular corrosion.
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ASTM B575 / UNS N06022 (Hastelloy C-22)
Hastelloy C-22 / Alloy C-22
Hastelloy C-22 (UNS N06022) is a nickel-chromium-molybdenum-tungsten alloy with superior resistance to a wider range of oxidising and reducing corrosive environments than Hastelloy C-276.
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ASTM B574 / UNS N10276
Hastelloy C-276
Hastelloy C-276 (UNS N10276) is the most widely used nickel-molybdenum-chromium alloy in the world and the benchmark for corrosion-resistant valve trim and bodies in severe chemical service.
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ASTM A494 M35-1
Cast Monel M35-1 (Nickel-Copper Alloy)
ASTM A494 Grade M35-1 is the cast nickel-copper alloy (Monel) used for valve bodies and pressure-retaining castings in hydrofluoric acid (HF), saltwater, and reducing acid applications.
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Non-Ferrous
ASTM B265 Gr 2 / ASTM B337 / UNS R50400 (Titanium Grade 2)
Titanium Grade 2 (Commercially Pure)
Titanium Grade 2 (UNS R50400) is commercially pure titanium with outstanding corrosion resistance in seawater, oxidising acids (including nitric acid and fuming nitric acid), chlorine-containing media, and high-temperature aqueous solutions.
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PTFE / FEP Lining (ASTM D1457 / BS 6564)
PTFE / FEP-Lined Valves
PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) and FEP (fluorinated ethylene propylene) lining systems eliminate metallic contact between the valve body and the process fluid, providing near-universal chemical resistance at a fraction of the cost of exotic alloy construction.
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ASTM A395 / ISO 1083 GGG-40
Ductile Iron (Nodular Cast Iron)
Ductile iron (also called nodular iron or spheroidal graphite iron) is the dominant material for water, utility, HVAC, and firewater valve bodies worldwide.
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ASTM B62 / C83600 Gunmetal / Naval Brass
Naval Brass / Gunmetal (Bronze)
Naval brass and gunmetal (leaded tin bronze, ASTM B62, alloy C83600) are the traditional materials for marine, seawater, and low-pressure water service valves.
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Stellite 6 (Cobalt-Chromium-Tungsten, UNS R30006)
Stellite 6 Hard-Face Trim
Stellite 6 is a cobalt-chromium-tungsten alloy (Co-28Cr-4W-1C, UNS R30006) applied as a hard-facing weld overlay on valve seats, discs, and plug faces rather than as a bulk body material.
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Quick Material Selection Reference
| Material | Max Temp | Corrosion | Typical Service | ASME Classes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A216 WCB | 538°C | Low | Steam, water, oil, gas | 150–2500 |
| A105 | 538°C | Low | High-press. small bore, forged | 150–2500 |
| CF8M (SS 316) | 454°C | Medium-High | Chemical, seawater, pharma | 150–1500 |
| CF3M (SS 316L) | 370°C | Medium-High | Pharma, food, cryogenic | 150–600 |
| WC9 (2.25Cr-1Mo) | 593°C | Low | HP steam, power plants | 300–2500 |
| F91 (9Cr-1Mo-V) | 650°C | Low | Supercritical steam, USC plants | 900–2500 |
| CD4MCu (Duplex) | 300°C | Very High | Seawater, brine, NACE | 150–900 |
| CW6MC (Alloy 625) | 540°C | Extreme | HCl, H₂SO₄, aggressive acid | 150–900 |
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