Actuation & AutomationFull Glossary

ETO (End-to-Open Torque)

The torque required to unseat a valve from its fully open position when initiating a closing stroke. Usually lower than BTO for ball valves but can be the critical value for butterfly valves depending on disc geometry.

Related Terms

ActuatorBTORTO

Frequently Asked Questions

What is a ETO (End-to-Open Torque)?

The torque required to unseat a valve from its fully open position when initiating a closing stroke. Usually lower than BTO for ball valves but can be the critical value for butterfly valves depending on disc geometry.

How is a ETO (End-to-Open Torque) sized for a valve?

Actuator sizing requires the valve's breakaway torque (BTO), running torque (RTO), and end-to-close torque (ETO) at the maximum differential pressure and operating temperature. The actuator output torque at minimum supply pressure must exceed the valve BTO by a safety factor (typically 1.25x minimum). For pneumatic actuators, the supply pressure range, fail-safe direction (spring return FC or FO), and speed requirements must also be specified.

When is a ETO (End-to-Open Torque) required versus manual operation?

Automation is required when: (1) the valve is in a remote or hazardous location, (2) rapid opening/closing is needed for emergency shutdown (ESD), (3) the valve must respond to a control signal (4–20 mA, HART, or fieldbus), (4) the operating torque is too high for manual operation, or (5) the valve is part of a Safety Instrumented System (SIS) requiring SIL certification. Contact Vajra Industrial Solutions for fully automated valve packages including actuator, limit switch, solenoid, and positioner.

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