HomeApplicationsWater Treatment & Desalination

Application Guide

Valves for Water Treatment & Desalination

Water treatment plants, reverse osmosis (RO) and multi-stage flash (MSF) desalination, and municipal water distribution systems require valves that provide low-maintenance service life, corrosion resistance to chlorinated and saline water, and compliance with drinking water safety standards. Ductile iron and stainless steel designs with EPDM or PTFE seals are the norm.

EN 593 (Butterfly valves)AWWA C504 / C509 / C515ISO 9001:2015IS 780 / IS 14846BS EN 1171 (Cast iron gate valves)WRAS / NSF 61 (Drinking water contact)

Recommended Valve Types for Water Treatment & Desalination

Concentric Butterfly Valve

PN 6 / PN 10 / PN 16

Why: Most common isolation and throttling valve for water treatment — low cost, large bore availability, EPDM seat

Materials: Ductile iron (GGG-50/GJS-500-7), SS 316 for saline/high-chlorine service

Standards: EN 593, AWWA C504, IS 13095

View Concentric Butterfly Valve products →

Resilient-Seated Gate Valve

PN 10 / PN 16 (AWWA 150 psi)

Why: Full-bore isolation in buried service, pumping stations, and distribution networks

Materials: Ductile iron with rubber-encapsulated wedge, fusion-bonded epoxy coating

Standards: AWWA C509 / C515, IS 14846, EN 1171

View Resilient-Seated Gate Valve products →

Swing Check Valve

PN 10 / PN 16

Why: Pump discharge anti-backflow protection in pumping stations and rising mains

Materials: Ductile iron or DI with SS 316 disc, EPDM seat

Standards: EN 12334, AWWA, IS 5312

View Swing Check Valve products →

Diaphragm Valve (Rubber-Lined)

PN 10 / PN 16

Why: Chemical dosing and slurry handling in WTP filter backwash and sludge lines

Materials: DI body with natural rubber or EPDM lining; PP or PVDF for chemical service

Standards: ISO 16138, EN 13397

View Diaphragm Valve (Rubber-Lined) products →

Critical Requirements

Drinking water contact compliance: WRAS / NSF 61 / IS potable water certification for epoxy coatings and elastomers
Corrosion protection: fusion-bonded epoxy (FBE) or Rilsan (polyamide) coating for buried ductile iron valves
EPDM elastomers — chlorine and ozone resistant for treated water service
Large bore availability — DN 200–DN 1200 butterfly valves for major distribution mains
Actuator compatibility for remote operation in WTP control systems
Extended service life (20–40 years expected) — heavy-duty ductile iron construction

Fluid & Service Challenges

Chlorinated water (up to 5 ppm residual Cl₂) — EPDM seats, FBE-coated iron body required
Seawater and brackish water (RO feed) — SS 316 or duplex for high chloride concentration
Sludge and filter backwash — full-bore butterfly or diaphragm to prevent clogging
Chemical dosing (alum, PAC, sodium hypochlorite, lime) — PP or PVDF-lined diaphragm valves
Ozonated water — EPDM or PTFE seats; carbon steel and most rubbers deteriorate in ozone

Material Selection Guidance

For chlorinated potable water: ductile iron body with FBE internal coating + EPDM seat. For seawater (RO desalination inlet/brine reject): SS 316 or duplex stainless steel body/disc. For sludge and filter backwash: rubber-lined diaphragm or knife gate valve. For chemical dosing (chlorine gas, sodium hypochlorite, alum): PVDF or PP body for high-concentration chemical lines. Never use standard cast iron for drinking water service — ductile iron with approved coating is the minimum.

Typical Service Points

Raw water intake and clarification
Filter backwash isolation
Sludge draw-off and dewatering
Chemical dosing (coagulant, disinfectant)
Clear water storage and distribution
RO desalination high-pressure inlet (SS/Duplex)
Brine concentrate disposal
Pump station control and isolation

FAQ — Valve Selection for Water Treatment & Desalination

What butterfly valve standard applies to water treatment in India?
For water treatment in India, butterfly valves are specified per IS 13095 (Indian Standard for butterfly valves for water supply and sewerage), EN 593 (European standard), or AWWA C504. IS 13095 is the most common for domestic municipal projects. The valve body is typically ductile iron (GGG-50 per ISO 1083 or IS 1865) with EPDM seat. For export-oriented projects or international standards (World Bank, JICA-funded), EN 593 or AWWA C504 is specified.
What valves are used in RO desalination plants?
RO desalination plants use several valve types: High-pressure butterfly valves or ball valves (in SS 316 or Duplex) for RO membrane train isolation; energy recovery devices (ERD) require high-cycle valves with precise control; brine reject lines use SS 316 due to high chloride concentration; pre-treatment (clarification, filtration) uses ductile iron butterfly valves. All valves in contact with potable water must comply with NSF 61 or equivalent.
What is fusion-bonded epoxy (FBE) coating on water valves?
Fusion-bonded epoxy (FBE) is a thermosetting powder coating applied to the internal and external surfaces of ductile iron valves (gate, butterfly, check) used in water service. FBE provides excellent corrosion protection against chlorinated water, brackish water, and soil corrosion in buried service. It is the standard protective coating for water distribution valves per AWWA C550. Thickness is typically 250–400 microns. NSF 61 / WRAS approved FBE coatings are required for potable water contact.
Can you supply valves for rural water supply and irrigation projects in India?
Yes. Vajra Industrial Solutions supplies ductile iron butterfly valves, resilient-seated gate valves, and swing check valves for rural water supply schemes (JJBY, Jal Jeevan Mission) and irrigation canals across India. IS standard valves are available with BIS certification. We supply to state water boards, PHEDs (Public Health Engineering Departments), and EPC contractors across Gujarat, Rajasthan, Maharashtra, MP, and other states.

Related Application Guides

Get a Quote

Water Treatment & Desalination

Send your process conditions or P&ID — we'll recommend and quote the correct valve specification within 24 hours.

Key Standards

EN 593 (Butterfly valves)
AWWA C504 / C509 / C515
ISO 9001:2015
IS 780 / IS 14846
BS EN 1171 (Cast iron gate valves)
WRAS / NSF 61 (Drinking water contact)